介绍
yoga是facebook打造的一个跨IOS、Android、Window平台在内的布局引擎，兼容Flexbox布局方式，让界面更加简单。
Yoga官网：https://facebook.github.io/yoga/
官网上描述的特性包括：
- 完全兼容Flexbox布局，遵循W3C的规范
- 支持java、C#、Objective-C、C四种语言
- 底层代码使用C语言编写，性能不是问题
- 支持流行框架如React Native
目前在已开源的鸿蒙组件(https://gitee.com/openharmony-tpc/yoga)的功能现状如下：
- native层和接口已经打通
- 支持自定义xml属性来控制布局(通过YogaLayout)
- 设置布局中不支持Image控件(onDrawCanvas暂不支持主动回调，所以yoga没办法扫描到它)，请使用Text控件替代
- 不支持VirtualYogaLayout
如何使用
首先我们在MainAbility中定义界面路由。
- public class MainAbility extends Ability {
- @Override
- public void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- super.setMainRoute(MainAbilitySlice.class.getName());
- addActionRoute("action.dydrawnode.slice", DynamicsDrawNodeSlice.class.getName());
- addActionRoute("action.showrow.slice", ShowRowAbilitySlice.class.getName());
- addActionRoute("action.inflate.slice", BenchmarkInflateAbilitySlice.class.getName());
- }
- }
然后我们来到MainAbilitySlice,其实就是做了一个向其他界面跳转的动作，并提前加载yoga的so库。
- public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
- static {
- System.loadLibrary("yoga");
- System.loadLibrary("yogacore");
- System.loadLibrary("fb");
- }
- @Override
- public void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_main_layout);
- Button btn0= (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_1);
- btn0.setClickedListener(component -> {
- Intent intent1 = new Intent();
- Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder()
- .withAction("action.dydrawnode.slice")
- .build();
- intent1.setOperation(operation);
- startAbilityForResult(intent1, 1);
- });
- Button btn2= (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_2);
- btn2.setClickedListener(component -> {
- Intent intent1 = new Intent();
- Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder()
- .withAction("action.showrow.slice")
- .build();
- intent1.setOperation(operation);
- startAbilityForResult(intent1, 1);
- });
- Button btn1= (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_3);
- btn1.setClickedListener(component -> {
- Intent intent1 = new Intent();
- Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder()
- .withAction("action.inflate.slice")
- .build();
- intent1.setOperation(operation);
- startAbilityForResult(intent1, 1);
- });
- }
- @Override
- public void onActive() {
- super.onActive();
- }
- @Override
- public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
- super.onForeground(intent);
- }
- }
第一个演示界面
这里yoga向我们展示了动态布局的能力，效果图如下：
实现的代码如下：
- public class DynamicsDrawNodeSlice extends AbilitySlice {
- private static final int VIEW_WIDTH = 200;
- private static final int VIEW_HEIGHT = 200;
- private ArrayList<Component> mViewList = new ArrayList<>();
- private ArrayList<YogaNode> mYogaNodeList = new ArrayList<>();
- private int[][] colors = new int[][]{
- new int[]{0xff6200ea, 0xff651fff, 0xff7c4dff, 0xffb388ff},
- new int[]{0xffd50000, 0xffff1744, 0xffff5252, 0xffff8a80},
- new int[]{0xffc51162, 0xfff50057, 0xffff4081, 0xffff80ab},
- new int[]{0xffaa00ff, 0xffd500f9, 0xffe040fb, 0xffea80fc}
- };
- @Override
- protected void onStart(Intent intent) {
- super.onStart(intent);
- PositionLayout container = new PositionLayout(this);
- DisplayAttributes displayAttributes = DisplayManager.getInstance().getDefaultDisplay(this).get().getAttributes();
- float screenWidth = displayAttributes.width;
- float screenHeight = displayAttributes.height;
- YogaNode root = new YogaNodeJNIFinalizer();
- root.setWidth(screenWidth);
- root.setHeight(screenHeight);
- root.setFlexDirection(YogaFlexDirection.COLUMN);
- createRowNodeAndView(root, 0);
- createRowNodeAndView(root, 1);
- createRowNodeAndView(root, 2);
- createRowNodeAndView(root, 3);
- root.calculateLayout(screenWidth, screenHeight);
- for (int i = 0; i < mViewList.size(); i++) {
- Component component = mViewList.get(i);
- YogaNode yogaNode = mYogaNodeList.get(i);
- YogaNode yogaNodeOwner = yogaNode.getOwner();
- component.setTranslationX(yogaNodeOwner.getLayoutX() + yogaNodeOwner.getLayoutX());
- component.setTranslationY(yogaNodeOwner.getLayoutY() + yogaNodeOwner.getLayoutY());
- component.setLeft((int) (yogaNodeOwner.getLayoutX() + yogaNode.getLayoutX()));
- component.setTop((int) (yogaNodeOwner.getLayoutY() + yogaNode.getLayoutY()));
- container.addComponent(component);
- }
- super.setUIContent(container);
- }
- private void createRowNodeAndView(YogaNode root, int index) {
- YogaNode row = new YogaNodeJNIFinalizer();
- row.setHeight(VIEW_HEIGHT);
- row.setWidth(VIEW_WIDTH * 4);
- row.setFlexDirection(YogaFlexDirection.ROW);
- row.setMargin(YogaEdge.ALL, 20);
- for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
- YogaNode yogaNode = new YogaNodeJNIFinalizer();
- yogaNode.setWidth(VIEW_WIDTH);
- yogaNode.setHeight(VIEW_HEIGHT);
- Component component = createView(colors[index][i]);
- row.addChildAt(yogaNode, i);
- mYogaNodeList.add(yogaNode);
- mViewList.add(component);
- }
- root.addChildAt(row, index);
- }
- private Component createView(int color) {
- Component view = new Component(this);
- ShapeElement background = new ShapeElement();
- background.setRgbColor(convertColor(color));
- view.setBackground(background);
- ComponentContainer.LayoutConfig layoutConfig = new AdaptiveBoxLayout.LayoutConfig(VIEW_WIDTH, VIEW_HEIGHT);
- view.setLayoutConfig(layoutConfig);
- return view;
- }
- /**
- * 转换颜色
- * @param color
- * @return RgbColor
- */
- public RgbColor convertColor(int color) {
- int colorInt = color;
- int red = (colorInt & 0xff0000) >> 16;
- int green = (colorInt & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
- int blue = (colorInt & 0x0000ff);
- return new RgbColor(red, green, blue);
- }
- }
代码中定义了一个root根布局，宽高为屏幕的宽高，接着定义了四个行布局，并向每个行布局里添加4个子布局，最重要的是在调用root.calculateLayout(screenWidth, screenHeight)后，便将每个子布局的位置给确定了下来，然后根据获取到的每个布局的参数，给每个Component设置位置。该演示只是借助yoga组件来确定每个Component位置，真正使渲染生效的还是基于鸿蒙的原生控件。
第二个演示界面
接下来展示如何使用yoga组件在xml里通过填写属性来控制item位置的能力，效果图如下：
代码如下：
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout
- xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
- xmlns:yoga="http://schemas.huawei.com/apk/res-auto"
- ohos:height="match_parent"
- ohos:width="match_parent"
- >
- <com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout
- ohos:height="60vp"
- ohos:width="match_content"
- yoga:yg_alignItems="center"
- yoga:yg_flexDirection="row"
- yoga:yg_marginHorizontal="15"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- yoga:yg_marginTop="50"
- ohos:background_element="$graphic:item_element"
- >
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="50vp"
- ohos:background_element="$media:icon"
- yoga:yg_flex="0"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- />
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="220vp"
- ohos:text="Hello. I am Yoga!"
- ohos:text_color="#000000"
- yoga:yg_flex="1"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- ohos:text_size="20fp"
- />
- </com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout>
- <com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout
- ohos:background_element="$graphic:item_element"
- ohos:height="60vp"
- ohos:width="match_content"
- yoga:yg_alignItems="center"
- yoga:yg_flexDirection="row"
- yoga:yg_marginHorizontal="15"
- yoga:yg_marginTop="20"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- >
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="50vp"
- ohos:background_element="$media:icon"
- yoga:yg_flex="0"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- />
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="250vp"
- ohos:text="I am a layout engine!"
- ohos:text_color="#000000"
- yoga:yg_flex="1"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- ohos:text_size="20fp"
- />
- </com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout>
- <com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout
- ohos:background_element="$graphic:item_element"
- ohos:height="60vp"
- ohos:width="match_content"
- yoga:yg_alignItems="center"
- yoga:yg_flexDirection="row"
- yoga:yg_marginHorizontal="15"
- yoga:yg_marginTop="20"
- >
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="50vp"
- ohos:background_element="$media:icon"
- yoga:yg_flex="0"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- />
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="250vp"
- ohos:text="I run natively."
- ohos:text_color="#000000"
- yoga:yg_flex="1"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- ohos:text_size="20fp"
- />
- </com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout>
- <com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout
- ohos:background_element="$graphic:item_element"
- ohos:height="60vp"
- ohos:width="match_content"
- yoga:yg_alignItems="center"
- yoga:yg_flexDirection="row"
- yoga:yg_marginHorizontal="15"
- yoga:yg_marginTop="20"
- >
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="50vp"
- ohos:background_element="$media:icon"
- yoga:yg_flex="0"
- />
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="200vp"
- ohos:text="So I\'m fast."
- ohos:text_color="#000000"
- yoga:yg_flex="1"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- ohos:text_size="20fp"
- />
- </com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout>
- <com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout
- ohos:background_element="$graphic:item_element"
- ohos:height="60vp"
- ohos:width="match_content"
- yoga:yg_alignItems="center"
- yoga:yg_flexDirection="row"
- yoga:yg_marginHorizontal="15"
- yoga:yg_marginTop="20"
- >
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="50vp"
- ohos:background_element="$media:icon"
- yoga:yg_flex="0"
- />
- <Text
- ohos:height="50vp"
- ohos:width="200vp"
- ohos:text="Who are you?"
- ohos:text_color="#000000"
- yoga:yg_flex="1"
- yoga:yg_marginStart="15"
- ohos:text_size="20fp"
- />
- </com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout>
- </com.facebook.yoga.openharmony.YogaLayout>
这里YogaLayout其实可以看成FlexBox(详情请参考附录：FlexBox科普)，可以通过参数调节子布局位置，我们可以使用YogaLayout上的yoga:yg_alignItems="center"属性使得item居中显示，并通过yoga:yg_flexDirection="row"属性使得之item横向排列。子item也可以通过设置yoga:yg_flex="1"来调整自己的权重。更多属性的使用大家也可以下载项目亲自体验。
集成方式
自行编译工程entity、yoga、yoga_layout、fb生成libyoga.so、libfb.so、libyogacore.so。
将其添加到要集成的libs文件夹内，在entity的gradle内添加如下代码。
方式一：
通过library生成har包，添加har包到libs文件夹内。
在entry的gradle内添加如下代码：
- implementation fileTree(dir:'libs', include:['*.jar','*.har'])
方式二：
- allprojects{
- repositories{
- mavenCentral()
- }
- }
- implementation 'io.openharmony.tpc.thirdlib:yoga-layout:1.0.0'
- implementation 'io.openharmony.tpc.thirdlib:yoga-yoga:1.0.0'
- implementation 'io.openharmony.tpc.thirdlib:yoga-fb:1.0.0'
附录1：FlexBox科普
布局的传统解决方案，基于盒状模型，依赖display属性，position属性，float属性。它对于那些特殊布局非常不方便，比如，垂直居中就不容易实现。2009年，W3C提出了一种新的方案：flex。可以简便、完整、响应式地实现各种界面布局。目前，该方案已经得到了所有浏览器的支持。采用Flex布局的元素，称为Flex容器(flex container)，简称“容器”。它的所有子元素置动成为容器成员，称为Flex项目(flex item)，简称“项目”。
容器默认存在两根轴：水平的主轴(main axis)和垂直的交叉轴(cross axis)。主轴的开始位置(与边框的交叉点)叫main start，结束位置叫main end;交叉轴的开始位置叫cross start，结束位置叫cross end。项目默认沿主轴排列。单个项目占据的主轴空间叫main size，占据的交叉轴空间叫cross size。
附录2：相关资料
项目地址：https://gitee.com/openharmony-tpc/yoga
IDE官方下载地址：https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/develop/deveco-studio
阮一峰的flex布局教程：http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2015/07/flex-grammar.html
