一、前提：系统、PHP、Apache、MySQL、Mail都工作正常，在这不做介绍；
二、需要安装：gcc、glibc、gd、gd-devel、openssl-devel、httpd-devel、per-GD、net-snmp-devel、php-pdo、php-gd、perl-Crypt-DES，为了方便避开烦人的包依赖问题，我直接
yum install httpd*、php*、net-snmp、mysql*、glibc*;
需要下载的源码包：
nagios： http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-3.2.2.tar.gz
nagios-plugins： http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz
nrpe： http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
nagios-snmp-plugins： http://nagios.manubulon.com/nagios-snmp-plugins.1.1.1.tgz
############################################### 开始安装、配置 #####################################################
1、修改/etc/snmpd/snmped.conf,完成后的文件；
[root@Monitor nagios]# cat /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf | grep -v "#"
sec.name source community //去掉此处的#
com2sec notConfigUser 127.0.0.1 public
group notConfigGroup v1 notConfigUser
group notConfigGroup v2c notConfigUser
view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1
group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif //去掉此处的#
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
syscontact Root
pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.4413.4.1 /usr/bin/ucd5820stat
2、启动snmpd
service snmpd start
3、安装Nagios;
groupadd nagios
useradd -g nagios nagios
passwd nagios
mkdir /usr/local/nagios
chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios
chmod 755 /usr/local/nagios/
usermod -G nagios apache //将apache、nagios用户加入到nagios组里；
usermod -G nagios nagios
tar zxf nagios-3.2.2.tar.gz
cd nagios-3.2.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-gd-lib=/usr/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/include --enable-event-broker
根据如下提示：
the main program and CGIs compiled without any errors, you
can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
make install
- This installs the main program, CGIs, and HTML files
make install-init
- This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.d
make install-commandmode
- This installs and configures permissions on the
directory for holding the external command file
make install-config
- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etc
You'll have to modify these sample files before you can
use Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more info
on doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs on
object configuration files, as they determine what/how
things get monitored!
make install-webconf
- This installs the Apache config file for the Nagios
web interface
*** Support Notes *******************************************
If you have questions about configuring or running Nagios,
please make sure that you:
- Look at the sample config files
- Read the HTML documentation
- Read the FAQs online at http://www.nagios.org/faqs
before you post a question to one of the mailing lists.
Also make sure to include pertinent information that could
help others help you. This might include:
- What version of Nagios you are using
- What version of the plugins you are using
- Relevant snippets from your config files
- Relevant error messages from the Nagios log file
For more information on obtaining support for Nagios, visit:
http://www.nagios.org/support/
依次执行如下操作：
make all
make all install
make install-init
make install-commandmode
make install-config
make install-webconfig
4、安装nagios-plugins;
tar zxf nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.15
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-plugins
make
make install
安装完成以后在/usr/local/nagios-plugins会产生一个libexec的目录，
将该目录全部移动到/usr/local/nagios目录下即可。
如下：
mv /usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec /usr/local/nagios/
5、安装nagios-snmp-plugins；
tar xzf nagios-snmp-plugins.1.1.1.tgz
cd nagios_plugins
perl -MCPAN -e shell
接着一直回车；
直到提示符变为cpan>时输入：
cpan>install Net::SNMP
完成安装后退出：quit
最后执行./install.sh；
6、Apache里的配置文件自动加了nagios.conf,路径为/etc/httpd/conf.d 内容如下：
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
# SSLRequireSSL
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"
# SSLRequireSSL
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
重启apache
service httpd restart
7、为web访问加入认证的用户名和密码；
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
8、配置nagios；
A、修改nagios中收取报警消息的联系人
#vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
此处我只修改了email 加入了自己的邮箱地址；
B、vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
use_authentication=1 改成
use_authentication=0,
即不用验证.不然有一些页面不会显示。 //在网上看到这个，不知道这点是什么意思 ，我也做了此修改；
C、检查配置文件是否正确：
[root@host etc]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Nagios Core 3.2.1
Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 03-09-2010
License: GPL
Website: http://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
Read main config file okay...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg'...
Read object config files okay...
Running pre-flight check on configuration data...
Checking services...
Checked 8 services.
Checking hosts...
Checked 1 hosts.
Checking host groups...
Checked 1 host groups.
Checking service groups...
Checked 0 service groups.
Checking contacts...
Checked 1 contacts.
Checking contact groups...
Checked 1 contact groups.
Checking service escalations...
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking service dependencies...
Checked 0 service dependencies.
Checking host escalations...
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checking host dependencies...
Checked 0 host dependencies.
Checking commands...
Checked 24 commands.
Checking time periods...
Checked 5 time periods.
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
D、修改日志文件的属主，以后有问题可以查看此文件；
chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
E、以上各步配置均没有错误，此时可以启动nagios了，
service nagios start
到此nagios配置完成，可以通过下面web访问访问了；
http://ip/nagios/
9、配置被监控端；（监控linux服务器）
下载如下安装包：
A、nagios-plugins:wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz
B、nrpe:wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
安装如下；
(1)在系统中添加nagios用户；
useradd nagios
passwd nagios
(2)安装nagios-plugins;
tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.15
./configure
make
make install
(3)改变nagios下的属主；
chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios -Rf
(4)安装nrpe-2.12
tar -zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.12
./configure
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
make install-daemon-config
(5)修改nrpe.cfg，允许主机为对应公司网关；
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg 将allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1改成：X.X.X.X，127.0.0.1
添加相应要监控的对象，如下所示：
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20 -c 10 -p /dev/hda1
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 500 -c 600
command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%
(6) 启动nrpe
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
可以查看nrpe是否启动；
netstat -an|grep 5666
察看是否能返回nrpv版本号;
/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost
10、配置command.cfg、nagios.cfg……
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
添加如下内容；
#check nrpe
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}
添加被监控端的配置文件；
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
在此处中间添加；
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/Test.cfg
编辑该文件；
define host{
use linux-server
host_name Test
alias linux-server
address 192.168.0.110
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description HTTP
check_command check_http
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description FTP
check_command check_ftp
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description SSH
check_command check_ssh
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description SMTP
check_command check_smtp
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description POP3
check_command check_pop
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description check-swap
check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description check-load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description check-disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description zombie_procs
check_command check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description check-users
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description total_procs
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service {
use generic-service
host_name Test
service_description check_mysql
check_command check_mysql!192.168.0.110!3306!nagios!nagios!nagdb!60!600
}
这里面定义的是监控的对象，修改完成后保存退出，就可以了。
11、检查配置文件，重启nagios服务；
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
service nagios restart
12、此时可以访问该页面，相关的被监控的对象也将出现。
************************************** M ySQL监控配置 *************************************
1、在要监控的MYSQL数据库里新建库和相应的用户；
CREATE DATABASE nagdb DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
GRANT SELECT ON nagdb.* TO 'nagios'@'%';
UPDATE mysql.user SET 'Password' = PASSWORD('********') WHERE 'User' = 'nagios'
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
2、修改command.cfg，添加对mysql和主从同步的定义；
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/command.cfg;
define command{
command_name check_mysql
command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $ARG1$ -P $ARG2$ -u $ARG3$ -p $ARG4$ -d $ARG5$
}
define command{
command_name check_mysql_slave
command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $ARG1$ -P $ARG2$ -u $ARG3$ -p $ARG4$ -d $ARG5$ -S -w $ARG6$ -c $ARG7$
}
3、在被监控的主数据库和从数据库的cfg文件中分别添加；
define service {
use generic-service
host_name Master-Mysql
service_description check_mysql
check_command check_mysql!192.168.0.111!3306!nagios!******!nagdb
}
define service {
use generic-service
host_name Slave-Mysql
service_description check_mysql_slave
check_command check_mysql_slave!192.168.0.112!3306!nagios!******!nagdb!60!600
}
4、检查配置文件，重启nagios服务；
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
service nagios restart
5、到此MySQL的监控配置完成。
Nagios 配置笔记
需要安装：gcc、glibc、gd、gd-devel、openssl-devel、httpd-devel、per-GD、net-snmp-devel、php-pdo、php-gd、perl-Crypt-DES，为了方便避开烦人的包依赖问题，我直接
yum install httpd*、php*、net-snmp、mysql*、glibc*;
责任编辑：春晓
