本文的内容为新版与旧版思科CCNP认证考试介绍。
CCNP(Cisco Certified Network Professional)是在CCNA的基础之上的一项思科职业资格认证，获得CCNP资格的专业人员将具有100到500多个节点的大型企业网络安装、配置和运行LAN、WAN及拔号访问业务的能力;但CCNP资格的取得是必须在取得CCNA资格的前提之上的，这一点与CCIE对考生的资格没有任何要求是不同的，其考试可以选择3门基础考试+1门排错考试或1门综合基础考试+另1门基础考试+1门排错考试这两种方式，其中后者难度较前者大，但是可以省下1门的考试费。
注：考试优惠价仅限于亚威学员！
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新版思科CCNP认证考试介绍：CCNP考试报名流程
CCNP考试注册是需要有CCNA的证书做为基础的，即考生需要通过CCNA以后才可以参加CCNP的考试！需要考试的考生首先需要选择考试中心，CCNP是一项国际认证，可以在全球的Prometric或VUE考试中心考试。
选定考场以后，考生可以直接与考试中心联系注册考试，考试通过以后到思科网站上进行注册，注册地址：https://www.certmanager.net/cisco/，签定协议以后一个月左右即可收到从美国思科总部邮寄的CCNP证书！
新版思科CCNP认证考试介绍：CCNP考试内容
CCNP 642-801 BSCI：（变化程度：20%）<变为BSCI 642-901>
1、 增加IPv6 的概念。
2、 新增RIP v2。该考点以前为CCIE认证的知识范畴，现在调整到BSCI课程，RIP v1的内容在ICND2.0已经涉及到。
3、 增加NAT的概念和配置，NAT转换采用更高级的Route－map控制，增加ODR协议，去掉IGRP协议，EIGRP协议中增加STUB区域，ISIS协议中去掉抽象理论，增加实用配置，BGP中去掉Router Reflector , 增加12.2 IOS版本新技术。
4、 OSPF保留多区域配置，删除单区域配置，单区域考点在ICND2.0开始考查了。
5、 路由性能及优化部分增加了MPLS知识。
CCNP 642-811 BCMSN：（变化程度：70%）<变为BCMSN 642-812>
1、 IOS采用Native IOS版本，淡化CAT OS。Cat OS和Native IOS的比较和介绍：Cat
OS为基于SET命令集，Native IOS 为命令集等同于路由器。（据12.25日考过的网友说，Cat的知识一点没涉及到）.
2、 交换机标准设备变动较大，更换成：访问层的2950交换机，分布层的3550交换机，核心层的4006以及6500交换机。
3、 在VLAN中引入802.1Q Trunking(Q in Q).
4、 对于多播部分加入了IGMPv3,还加入了Cisco IP Telephony技术。
5、 增加STP的内容：包括RSTP和MSTP。
6、 采用 HSRP, VRRP, GLBP, SRM, SLB 做 router redundancy.
7、 在三层交换机中更加细致的讲述了CEF-Based MLS，增加CISCO私有的多层交换技术：CEF(思科快速转发)。
8、 Cisco引入AVVID架构概念。
9、 Multilayer Switched Networks 的安全性及优化.
10、 增加园区网Qos设计与实现，QoS是BCMSN的重点.
11、 增加组播部分内容.
12、 对于网络分析功能，介绍SPAN，VSPAN，RSPAN和硬件NAM的配置。
CCNP 642-821 BCRAN：（变化程度：40%）<变为ISCW 642-825>
1、 取消CISCO700，X.25、Windows 95拨号连接，删掉WIN 95/NT拨号配置。
2、 增加Cable Modem内容。
3、 增加了DSL技术包括：ADSL，VDSL,SDSL，S.SHDSL，IDSL等DSL技术。
4、 增加PPPoE， PPPoA协议。
5、 增加了VPN内容，包括IPSec和加密技术。
CCNP 642-831 CIT：（变化程度：50%）<变为ONT 642-845>
1、 增加OSPF以及EIGRP的排错。
2、 取消AppleTalk和IPX的排错内容。
3、 增加Qos以及组播的排错。
4、 CIT的新版课程变化很大，除了介绍一些排错理念、排除方法论和排错工具外，还有针对其他三门课程内容的排错,如OSPF, NAT, QoS, ADSL, VPN等。也从以前重点讲述技术转变为重点讲述技术文档的建立、完善和Troubleshooting流程及日志。
5、 增加VPN排错。
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旧版思科CCNP认证考试介绍：CCNP考试内容
BSCIv2.0
适用认证：CCDP/CCIP/CCNP
考试号： 642-801
BSCI变化程度：20%
旧版思科CCNP认证考试介绍：考点难点
1.新增Routing Information Protocol Version 2(RIP v2).该考点以前为CCIE认证的知识范畴，现在调整到BSCI课程，RIP v1的内容在ICND2.0已经涉及到了。
2.OSPF保留多区域配置，删除单区域配置，单区域考点在ICND2.0开始考查了。
3.路由性能及优化部分增加了MPLS知识4.增加IPv6 的概念5.增加NAT的概念和配置
Technology
List the key information routers needs to route data
Describe classful and classless routing protocols
Describe link-state router protocol operation
Compare classful and classless routing protocols
Compare distance vector and link state routing protocols
Describe concepts relating to extending IP addresses and the use of VLSMs to extend IP addresses
Describe the features and operation of EIGRP
Describe the features and operation of single area OSPF
Describe the features and operation of multi-area OSPF
Explain basic OSI terminology and network layer protocols used in OSI
Identify similarities and differences between Integrated IS-IS and OSPF
List the types of IS-IS routers and their role in IS-IS area design
Describe the hierarchical structure of IS-IS areas
Describe the concept of establishing adjacencies
Describe the features and operation of BGP
Explain how BGP policy-based routing functions within an autonomous system
Explain the use of redistribution between BGP and Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)
Implementation and Configuration
Given a set of network requirements, identify the steps to configure an Enhanced IGRP environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Given an addressing scheme and other laboratory parameters, identify the steps to configure a single-area OSPF environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Given an addressing scheme and other laboratory parameters, identify the steps to configure a multiple area OSPF environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Given an addressing scheme and other laboratory parameters, identify the steps to configure Cisco routers for proper Integrated IS-IS operation
Identify the steps to select and configure the different ways to control routing update traffic
Identify the steps to configure router redistribution in a network
Identify the steps to configure policy-based routing using route maps
Given a set of network requirements, identify the steps to configure a BGP environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Identify the steps to configure a router for Network Address Translation with overload, static translations, and route maps.
Design
Describe the three-layer hierarchical design model and explain the function of each layer: Access, Distribution and Core
Given specific requirements, choose the correct routing protocol to meet the requirements
Identify the correct IP addressing scheme, including features of IPv6
Describe the concepts relating to route summarization and apply them to hypothetical scenarios
Troubleshooting
Identify the steps to verify OSPF operation in a single area
Identify the steps to verify OSPF operation in multiple areas
Identify verification methods which ensure proper operation of Integrated IS-IS on Cisco routers
Identify the steps to verify route redistribution
Describe the scalability problems associated with internal BGP
Interpret the output of various show and debug commands to determine the cause of route selection errors and configuration problems
Identify the steps to verify Enhanced IGRP operation
BCMSNv2.0
适用认证：CCNP
考试号：642-811
BCMSN变化程度：70%
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旧版思科CCNP认证考试介绍：考点难点
1.交换机标准设备变动大：由于1900和5000交换机已经停产，课程不再涉及到上述产品，设备更换成：访问层的2950交换机，分布层的3550交换机，核心层的4006以及6500交换机。
2.Cat OS和Native IOS的比较和介绍：Cat OS为基于SET命令集，Native IOS 为命令集等同于路由器。
3.增加STP的内容：包括RSTP和MSTP
4.采用 HSRP, VRRP, GLBP, SRM, SLB 做 router redundancy
5.增加CISCO私有的多层交换技术：CEF(思科快速转发)
6.增加AVVID的架构
7.增加802.1Q Tunneling
8.Multilayer Switched Networks 的安全性及优化
9.增加园区网Qos设计与实现
10.增加组播部分内容
11.交换机内Switching Database Manager specifically Content Addressable Memory (CAM) 和 Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) 的功用
Technology
Describe the Enterprise Composite Model used for designing networks and explain how it addresses enterprise network needs for performance, scalability and availability
Describe the physical, data-link and network layer technologies used in a switched network, and identify when to use each
Explain the role of switches in the various modules of the Enterprise Composite Model (Campus Infrastructure, Server Farm, Enterprise Edge, Network Management)
Explain the function of the Switching Database Manager [specifically Content Addressable Memory (CAM) and Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM)] within a Catalyst switch
Describe the features and operation of VLANs on a switched network
Describe the features of the VLAN trunking protocols including 802.1Q, ISL (emphasis on 802.1Q) and dynmic trunking protocol
Describe the features and operation of 802.1Q Tunneling (802.1QinQ) within a service provider network
Describe the operation and purpose of managed VLAN services
Describe how VTP versions 1 and 2 operate including domains, modes, advertisements, and pruning
Explain the operation and purpose of the Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) on a switched network
Identify the specific types of Cisco route switch processors, and provide implementation details
List and describe the operation of the key components required to implement interVLAN routing
Explain the types of redundancy in a multilayer switched network including hardware and software redundancy
Explain how IP multicast operates on a multilayer switched network, including PIM, CGMP and IGMP
Describe the quality issues with voice traffic on a switched data network, including jitter and delay
Describe the QoS solutions that address voice quality issues
Describe the features and operation of network analysis modules on Catalyst switches to improve network traffic management
Describe Transparent LAN Services and how they are implemented in a service provider network
Implementation and Operation
Convert CatOS to native IOS on Catalyst switches and manage native IOS images according to best practices
Configure access ports for static and multi-VLAN memebership
Configure and verify 802.1Q trunks
Configure and verify ISL trunks
Configure VTP domains in server, client and transparent modes
Enable Spanning Tree on ports and VLANs
Configure Spanning Tree parameters including: port priority, VLAN priority, root bridge, BPDU guard, PortFast and UplinkFast
Implement IP technology on a switched network with auxiliary VLANs
Configure and verify router redundancy using HSRP, VRRP, GLBP, SRM, and SLB
Configure QoS features on multilayer switched networks to provide optimal quality and bandwidth utilization for applications and data
Configure Fast EtherChannel and Gigabit EtherChannel to increase bandwidth for interswitch connections
Planning and Design
Compare end-to-end and local VLANs, determine when to use each
Design a VLAN configuration with VTP to work for a given specific scenario
Select multilayer switching architectures, given specific multilayer switching needs
Describe the general design models when implementing IP telephony in a switched network environment
Plan QoS implementation within a multilayer switched network
Troubleshooting
Troubleshoot common VLAN problems on a switched network
Tune and troubleshoot spanning-tree protocol on a multilayer switched network to enhance network performance, prevent network loops, and minimize downtime
Identify interVLAN routing performance and scalability issues, and propose solutions
Verify and troubleshoot interVLAN routing on a switched network
Identify QoS implementation issues at the network access layer
Identify QoS implementation issues at the network distribution and core layers
BCRANv2.0
适用认证：CCIE/CCNP
考试号：642-821
BCRAN变化程度：40%
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旧版思科CCNP认证考试介绍：考点难点
1.增加Cable Modem内容
2.增加DSL技术(ADSL)
3.增加PPPOE以及PPPOA协议
4.增加VPN内容
5.取消CISCO700，X.25,Windows 95拨号连接
General Knowledge
Describe how different WAN technologies can be used to provide remote access to a network, including asynchronous dial-in, Frame Relay, ISDN, cable modem, and DSL
Describe traffic control methods used to manage traffic flow on WAN links
Explain the operation of remote network access control methods
Identify PPP components, and explain the use of PPP as an access and encapsulation method
Describe the structure and operation of virtual private network technologies
Describe the process of Network Address Translation (NAT)
Implementation and Operation
Configure asynchronous modems and router interfaces to provide network access
Configure an ISDN solution for remote access
Configure frame relay operation and traffic control on WAN links
Configure access control to manage and limit remote access
Configure DSL operation using Cisco IOS
Configure VPN operation using Cisco IOS
Configure Network Address Translation (NAT)
Planning and Design
Design a Cisco remote access solution using asynchronous dial-up technology
Plan a Cisco ISDN solution for remote access or primary link back-up
Design a Cisco frame relay infrastructure to provide access between remote network components
Design a solution of access control to meet required specifications
Plan traffic shaping to meet required quality of service on access links
Troubleshooting
Troubleshoot non-functional remote access systems
Troubleshoot a VPN system
Troubleshoot traffic control problems on a WAN link
CITv5.0
适用认证：CCNP
考试号：642-831
CIT变化程度：50%
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旧版思科CCNP认证考试介绍：考点难点
1.以前CIT课程跟其他三门科目联系不紧密，现在新版课程除了介绍一些排错理念、排除方法论和排错工具外，还有针对其他三门课程内容的排错,如 OSPF, NAT, QoS, ADSL, VPN等。
2.取消AppleTalk和IPX的排错内容
3.增加OSPF以及EIGRP的排错
4.增加Qos以及组播的排错5.增加VPN排错
Technology
Identify troubleshooting methods
Explain documentation standards and the requirements for document control
Implementation and Operation
Establish an optimal system baseline
Diagram and document system topology
Document end system configuration
Verify connectivity at all layers
Select an optimal troubleshooting approach
Planning and Design
Plan a network documentation system
Plan a baseline monitoring scheme
Plan an approach to troubleshooting that minimizes system downtime
Troubleshooting
Use Cisco IOS commands and applications to identify system problems at all layers
Isolate system problems to one or more specific layers
Resolve sub-optimal system performance problems at layers 2 through 7
Resolve local connectivity problems at layer 1
Restore optimal baseline service
Work with external providers to resolve service provision problems
Work with system users to resolve network related end-use problems
注：考试后去CISCO网站注册方法
每考完CISCO一个认证后(考完5至10天)要到CISCO网站注册，网址在成绩单上，是http://www.cisco.com/go/certifications/login
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思科CCNP认证考试介绍：注册步骤如下
1．进入上面的网址，如果是第一次使用Tracking System，点击click here设置密码，填上Last name(你的姓，要和成绩单上姓一致)和Registration ID（在成绩单上），填好后点击Create；password，完成密码设置过程。自己设的密码一定要记住呀，接下来的登录还要用！
2．密码设好后，回到了登录界面，输入Test ID(成绩单上的candidate id) 或 Cisco ID和Password，点击Login按钮；
3．在Personal information中有个人信息，须要检查或填写的主要有以下几项：
* E-MAIL ADDRESS:
* Mailing/Correspondence Address:
* Localized Information:(用中文填写)
4．在Certification Agreement中签协议；
5．在test history中有考试记录。
其他的信息可以自己看看，总之Tracking System 使考生与CISCO联系更加方便，为考生更改个人信息和了解CISCO认证提供了一个网上平台。
思科CCNP认证考试介绍：报名须知
1.新考生报名手续： 携带有效证件一张 ( 公民身份证 境外人员护照 在伍军人军官证等) --填写考试注册表格,包括(中英文的姓名 地址 考试课程 证件号等个人信息) --缴费注册；
2.老考生报名手续： 携带有效证件一张 (公民身份证 境外人员护照 在伍军人军官证等) --提供VUE考试中心注册的VUE填写注册表 (中英文的姓名、VUE考试课程名及其考试代码、交费凭证号、考试日期、身份证号码、电话号码) --缴费注册；
3.注册交全额考试费；
4.因考生填写考试登记表或传真不清楚而引起的注册错误，一切责任由学员自己负责。
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