详解.Net Micro实现SideShow窗体界面实例

开发 后端
基于MF系统的Windows SideShow界面是非常炫的(如下图)。既然微软能用.Net Micro Framework实现这么棒的界面效果,我想我们也能做到。

基于MF系统的Windows SideShow界面是非常炫的(如下图)。既然微软能用.Net Micro Framework实现这么棒的界面效果,我想我们也能做到。

 

(SideShow模拟器界面和游戏程序中的右键菜单—注意菜单弹出后,其它的界面变暗了)
现在的任务是设计一套支持鼠标(或触摸屏)的窗体框架(目前MF提供的Window类仅支持按键功能),所以正好把SideShow如此炫的界面元素也可以添加进来。
用过MF的人知道是用下面的方法来实现按键事件接收的,既然我们要支持鼠标功能,所以最好也用类似的机理实现。
    //按键事件
    protected override void OnButtonDown(ButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        switch (e.Button)
        {
            //按下确定键
            case Button.Select:
                break;
            //按下左键
            case Button.Left:
                break;
            //按下右键
            case Button.Right:
                break;
            //按向上
            case Button.Up:
                break;
            //按向下
            case Button.Down:
                break;
            //按下菜单
            case Button.Menu:
                break;
            //按下返回键
            case Button.Back:
                break;
        }
        base.OnButtonDown(e);
    }
用反编译工具仔细研究了MF底层库代码(.Net FrameWork 太庞大了,一个人绝对短时间内看不完,其实也很难看下去,但是对刚刚起步的MF来说,.Net Micro FrameWork就简单多了),终于理清了头绪。主要原理是在鼠标信息处理线程中通过Application.Current.Windows 属性(该属性存放了当前实例所有派生于Window类的窗体)和应用实例的this.Dispatcher属性的BeginInvoke方法,外部调用窗体鼠标事件函数。充分利用基类虚函数的妙处来实现类似按键信息处理的功能。
在YFWindowBase类中声明如下虚拟鼠标事件函数。
//鼠标移动
    public virtual void OnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseMove != null) MouseMove(sender, e);
    }
    //鼠标单击
    public virtual void OnMouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseClick != null) MouseClick(sender, e);
    }
    //按下
    public virtual void OnMouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
       if (MouseDown != null) MouseDown(sender, e);
    }
    //抬起
    public virtual void OnMouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (MouseUp != null) MouseUp(sender, e);
    }
 
在鼠标信息处理函数中执行如下的代码即可。
   //处理鼠标消息
    private static void TransactMouse(MouseState state, int x, int y, MouseButtons button)
    {
        if (Application.Current == null) return;
        for (int i = Application.Current.Windows.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            try
            {
                YFWindowBase mw = Application.Current.Windows[i] as YFWindowBase;
 
                if (mw.Enabled && mw.IsVisible)
                {
                    //判断子窗体
                    bool bReturn = false;
                    for (int j = mw.Children.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--)
                    {
                        //仅最上层并且可视的控件接收鼠标消息
                        YFControl cl = mw.Children[j];
                        if (!bReturn && cl.Visible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left + cl.Left, mw.Top + cl.Top, cl.Width, cl.Height))
                        {
                            if (cl.Enable) //Enable和Visible不一样,Enable即使无效,下层控件也没有机会获得鼠标消息
                            {
                                if (!cl._EnterFlag)
                                {
                                    cl._EnterFlag = true;
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseEnter), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                }
                                if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseMove), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseDown), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseUp), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                                if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)
                                    _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseClick), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
                            }
                            //向主窗体传OnMouseEvent消息,为了绘制鼠标
                            if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)
                                _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                            bReturn = true;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            if (cl._EnterFlag)
                            {
                                cl._EnterFlag = false;
                                _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseLeave), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left, y - cl.Top));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (bReturn) return;
                }
 
                //仅最上层并且可视的窗体接收鼠标消息
                if (mw.IsVisible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left, mw.Top, mw.Width, mw.Height))
                {
                    if (!mw.Enabled) return;
 
                    if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseMove), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseDown), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseUp), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseClick), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)
                        _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
                    return;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new Exception(e.Message.ToString(), e);
            }
        }
    }
  用户程序的窗体类只要派生于YFWindowBase类,就可以直接支持鼠标和按键功能了。用户代码如下:
    //主窗体
    internal sealed class MFWindow :YFWindowBase
    {
        public YFLabel label1;
        YFButton button1, button2, button3, button4, button5;
        public MFWindow()
        {
            //标签
            label1 = new YFLabel("就绪", 0, Height - 25, Width, 25);
            label1.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Left;
            label1.BackColor = ColorUtility.ColorFromRGB(189, 235, 255);
            label1.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle;
            //添加按钮
            button1 = new YFButton("触摸屏校准", 30, 35, 90, 40);
            button1.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button2 = new YFButton("计算器",200, 35, 90, 40);
            button2.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button3 = new YFButton("简易记事本", 30, 135, 90, 40);
            button3.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button4 = new YFButton("关于...", 200, 135, 90, 40);
            button4.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            button5 = new YFButton("主菜单", 125, 85, 70, 40);
            button5.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            Children.Add(button1);
            Children.Add(button2);
            Children.Add(button3);
            Children.Add(button4);
            Children.Add(button5);
            Children.Add(label1);
            button3.Enable = false;
            //button3.Visible = false;
            //设置菜单
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("触摸屏校准"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("计算器"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("简易记事本"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));
            Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("关于..."));
            Menu[3].Enabled = false;
            //Menu[3].Visible = false;
        }       
#p#      

  //按钮事件
        void button_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            YFButton button=((YFButton)sender);
            switch (button.Text)
            {
                case "主菜单":
                    //弹出菜单
                    this.Menu.Show();
                    break;
                default:
                    OnMenuClick(new MenuEventArgs(0, button.Text));
                    break;
            }                         
        }
运行后的界面如下:

 
 

图1:主界面(按钮即支持鼠标也可以用按键切换输入焦点(right键等同于PC平台上的Tab键),并用OK键触发按键事件)

 

图2:单击主菜单按钮或单击“Menu”就可以弹出主菜单

 

图3:不要小看了上图的蓝色小圆,是我费了好大劲才绘制出来的(目前MF仅支持矩形框的填充)。
private void DrawCircle(Color c,int x, int y, int r, DrawingContext dc)
    {
        Pen p=new Pen(c);
        SolidColorBrush b = new SolidColorBrush(c);
        int Offset45=(int)(0.707*r);
        int Offset30 = r / 2;
        int Offset60 = (int)(0.866 * r);
 
        for (int i = Offset45; i < r + 1; i++)
        {
            dc.DrawEllipse(null, p, x, y, i, i);
        }
        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset45, y - Offset45,Offset45*2, Offset45*2);
        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, Offset60 * 2, Offset30 * 2);
        dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset30, y - Offset60, Offset30 * 2, Offset60 * 2);
 
        dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, x - Offset30, y - Offset60);
        dc.DrawLine(p, x+ Offset60 , y + Offset30, x + Offset30 ,y + Offset60 );
        dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y + Offset30, x - Offset30 , y + Offset60);
        dc.DrawLine(p, x + Offset60, y - Offset30, x + Offset30, y - Offset60);
   }
 

 
图5:终于在MF上实现了计算器的功能,目前不仅支持鼠标,也可以用光标键和OK键进行输入计算了。
别小看了计算器程序,由于MF仅有数字转字符串功能,没有实现字符串转数字的功能,我自己自定义了一些函数,用了一些特殊的用法才编写完成。
//数字输入的部分代码
if (strInput == "0.") dblInput = 0;
        if (strInput != "0.")
        {
            strInput += b.Text;
            if (strInput.IndexOf('.')<1)
            {
                dblInput *= 10;
                dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text);
            }
            else
            {
                int index = strInput.Length - strInput.LastIndexOf('.') - 1;
                dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text) /System.Math.Pow(10,index);
            }
        }
        else if (b.Text != "0")
        {
            strInput = b.Text;
            dblInput = ToDouble(b.Text);
     }
   下面是窗体的界面搭建部分,你绝对想不到用这么短的代码就实现了上图的界面布局(看过我以前.Net Micro Framework研究的网友,应该对MF本身提供的控件有印象,正是因为系统的控件不好用,我专门重新写了一套MF控件类)。
    YFButton[] button=new YFButton[20];
    YFLabel lblInput = null;
    string[] strText = new string[] { "7", "8", "9", "/", "CE", "4", "5", "6", "*", "%", "1", "2", "3", "-", "1/x", "0", "+/-", ".", "+", "=" };
    public YFCalc(string Title,int Width,int Height,YFWindowBase Parent)
        : base(Title, Width, Height, Parent)
    {
        int x=ClientRect.X,y=ClientRect.Y;
 
        lblInput = new YFLabel("0.", x + 5, y + 5, ClientRect.Width - 10, 20);
        lblInput.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Right;
        Children.Add(lblInput);
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
        {
            if(i % 5==0 && i!=0)
            {
                x = ClientRect.X;
                y = y + 32;
            }
            button[i] = new YFButton("", x + 5, y + 32, 32, 28);
            button[i].Text = strText[i];
            button[i].MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
            x += 37;
            Children.Add(button[i]);
        }              
    }
    //按钮单击
    void button_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
}
其实这段时间以来,我一直在研究MF,虽然目前它还不是很成熟,但是随着研究的深入,越来越对它痴迷,越来越发现很多MF的宝藏(如果你有耐心的话,一定要看看MF底层框架的源码(通过反编译工具Reflector),你会发现很多很有意思的功能)。
MF相对于Windows XP/Vista、Windows CE而言,还只能算一个婴孩,但就是这样,就如一个伟人所说:孩子就是未来的希望。所以有理由相信MF的明天会更好。

责任编辑:符甲 来源: armodm.com
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